Band structures of symmetrical graphene superlattice with cells of three regions

We study the electronic band structures of massless Dirac fermions in symmetrical graphene superlattice with cells of three regions. opening gaps and additional Dirac points. Finally, we inspect the potential effect on minibands, the anisotropy of group velocity and the energy bands contours near Dirac points. We also discuss the evolution of gap edges and cutoff region near the vertical Dirac points.     

Existence of conformal metrics with prescribed scalar curvature on the four dimensional half sphere

In this paper, we consider the problem of prescribing the scalar curvature under minimal boundary conditions on the four dimensional half sphere. Using dynamical and topological methods involving the study of the critical points at infinity of the associated variational structure, we prove some existence results like Bahri-Coron theorem. Furthermore, we consider the approximate subcritical problem and we construct some solutions which blow up at two different points, one of them lay on the boundary and the other one is an interior point.     

Informational analysis of seismic sequences by applying the Fisher Information Measure and the Shannon entropy: An application to the 2004–2010 seismicity of Aswan area (Egypt)

The interevent-time (IET) and interevent-distance (IED) series of seismic events occurred at Aswan area (Egypt) from 2004 to 2010 were investigated by means of the Fisher Information Measure and the Shannon entropy. The analysis was performed varying the depth and the magnitude thresholds. The results point out to an increase of level of organization and order with the decrease of magnitude threshold and the increase of depth threshold for the IET series, while the IED series are characterized by a level of uncertainty approximately constant with the threshold magnitude. The complexity measure, calculated as the product of the Fisher Information Measure and the Shannon entropy power, presents very similar pattern for both the types of seismic series, indicating an increasing complexity with the decrease of the threshold magnitude and the increase of the threshold depth.     

Intensity‐based estimation of extreme loss event probability and value at risk

We develop a methodology for the estimation of extreme loss event probability and the value at risk, which takes into account both the magnitudes and the intensity of the extreme losses. Specifically, the extreme loss magnitudes are modeled with a generalized Pareto distribution, whereas their intensity is captured by an autoregressive conditional duration model, a type of self‐exciting point process. This allows for an explicit interaction between the magnitude of the past losses and the intensity of future extreme losses. The intensity is further used in the estimation of extreme loss event probability. The method is illustrated and backtested on 10 assets and compared with the established and baseline methods. The results show that our method outperforms the baseline methods, competes with an established method, and provides additional insight and interpretation into the prediction of extreme loss event probability. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Facile Route to the Synthesis of New 2,3-Disubstituted Benzocoumarins

Triphenylphosphine catalyzes the reaction between 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and π-deficient acetylenes to give the newly prepared benzo[f]chromenes. The mechanism for the formation of products is discussed.